The outer sheath of fiber optic cables is divided into different material types. Each outer sheath of material has its own inherent characteristics (different fire resistance) and suitable scenarios. Common outer sheath materials are divided into PE, PVC, PVDF , LSZH, Plenum, Riser, etc.
PE: It has good low temperature resistance, good chemical stability, resistance to most acids and alkalis, abrasion resistance, and high electrical insulation. Therefore, PE is the standard outer sheath material for outdoor cables.
PVC: It has good mechanical properties, high electrical insulation, strong flexibility, sturdiness and good flame retardancy, but it has poor stability to light and heat, so it is more suitable as an outer sheath material for indoor optical fiber cables.
PVDF: It has multiple excellent properties such as elasticity, low weight, low thermal conductivity, high chemical resistance and heat resistance. At the same time, it has better flame retardancy than PE. Even if there is a fire, it hardly produces smoke. This material can be used In the outer sheath of the more important backbone fiber jumper.
LSZH: With the characteristics of low smoke, low toxicity, low corrosion and high flame retardancy, LSZH, as a safe and environmentally friendly material, is an ideal choice for indoor and outdoor installation. But similarly, the price of fiber optic cables with LSZH material is also more expensive.
Plenum: It is one of the main components that form the OFNP grade optical fiber cable. It has high flame retardancy and does not generate toxic or corrosive gases at extremely high temperatures. Fiber optic cables made of Plenum are the first choice for wiring in ventilation ducts or air return booster systems used in air handling equipment.
Riser: It is one of the main components that form the OFNR-grade optical fiber cable. The flame retardant performance is relatively weaker than that of Plenum material. At the same time, it is non-toxic and corrosive gas specifications. Therefore, the OFNR-grade optical fiber cable with the Riser material is usually in the trunk and level of the building Used in cables.
Generally speaking, Plenum fiber optic cables are suitable for use in horizontal wiring areas and inflatable environments (conveying pipes, air handling systems). This kind of environment has air circulation and fires are difficult to control. Therefore, OFNP flame retardant fiber optic cables are used. The best choice; Riser/PVC fiber optic cables are suitable for use in the vertical backbone wiring area to provide the connection between entrance equipment or computer rooms and communication cabinets on different floors. The possibility of large-scale fires is small, and the flame retardant level reaches OFNR. LSZH fiber optic cables are often used in general areas, even if a fire occurs, because the smoke released by it is non-toxic, it can avoid harm to rescuers.
