There are four characteristics of indoor coverage in 5g era.
1. 5g indoor business accounts for a high proportion and diversified. According to the industry forecast, about 85% of the applications in 5g era will take place in indoor scenes, while in 4G era, the number is only 70%; in terms of business carrying, indoor applications tend to be diversified, bringing higher requirements to the network.
2. The high frequency band of 5g makes the indoor coverage difficult. In the frequency band, 5g is generally operated in medium frequency and high frequency. High loss makes it more difficult for 5g signal to penetrate the wall, and indoor coverage is more dependent on room coverage; at the same time, the difference of indoor transmission environment brings the difference of coverage technology and cost.
3. 5g room construction scale and investment is higher. The construction scale of 5g room is large, the construction cost is high, and the later operation and maintenance cost is high. It is estimated that the investment of 5g room will reach 100 billion level, and the proportion of room investment will increase from 15% of 4G to 30% in 5g era.
4. It is more difficult to implement the inventory room by scenario. At present, the number of rooms and subsystems in the whole network exceeds one million.
Facing these problems, the industry has launched a lot of innovative products and solutions. Such as "digital 5g active cell" and "low cost 5g passive cell". Among them, the digital 5g active room has the characteristics of high speed, large capacity, easy construction and maintenance, supporting rich applications, but from the perspective of cpaex and OPEX, it is still relatively high. However, the low-cost 5g passive room has the characteristics of low construction and operation cost, wide support frequency range and multi system sharing by multiple operators.
Both of them have their own application scenarios. Active rooms may be more suitable for providing large capacity services for standard buildings, as well as airports, high-speed railway stations, subway stations, stadiums, exhibition centers, etc. in other application scenarios, passive rooms may be more suitable.
