The rapid development of 400G is mainly influenced by the market demand, such as the bandwidth demand of 5G commercial use, cloud data center, video and so on, and the promotion of 400G product standardization in the market.
Large bandwidth application
5G Commercial: The analysis report points out that 5G transmission network architecture will introduce edge computing technology, which can bring cloud resources (computing, storage, network and other resources) closer to applications, devices and users. The edge computing technology needs more bandwidth and higher security to support the access of more network devices and realize the protection and management of data. For example, within one square kilometer, the connection density of 4G is 100,000 /K㎡, while 5G connection density can reach 1 million /K㎡. The standardization and commercialization of 400G Ethernet will provide greater bandwidth for 5G commercial use, enabling it to support more devices and applications. Now, in China, 5G has been officially commercialized, and it is expected that 150 million people will start to use 5G network in 2020, so the introduction of 400G will become an inevitable trend.
Cloud data Center scaling up: Companies are moving rapidly to cloud architectures, with cloud computing expected to account for 92% of global data center traffic by 2020, according to the Global Cloud Index report. Meanwhile, it is forecast that cloud computing traffic will rise from 3.9ZB in 2015 to 14.1ZB in 2020. With the growth of cloud computing traffic, the previous 25G/100G can no longer meet the demand, so the development of 400G is inevitable.
Video traffic demand growth: Nowadays, the network audiovisual as the main demand for mass entertainment, making video become the key point for giants to seize the wind. In the 5G era, video traffic will grow further. According to relevant data, video traffic accounted for about 75% of the overall Internet traffic in 2017, and increased to 80% in 2019, with the overall Internet traffic growing at an average annual rate of 26%. In 2019, for example, about 80 percent of the 200ExaBytes of Internet traffic a month comes from video. By 2022, more than 82% of Internet traffic is expected to come from video or apps that include video.
400G products are standardized
400G product system is improving: 400G Ethernet (IEEE 802.3BS), which was officially approved in December 2017, regulates new technologies such as forward error correction (FEC) in this standard to improve error code performance and increase the credibility of data communication. At present, some suppliers in the industry have developed 400G switches according to relevant standards and officially put them into the market. 400G connection schemes are also booming, such as 400G DAC and 400G optical modules (including 400G QSFP-DD optical module, 400G OSFP optical module, 400G CFP8 optical module, etc.), among which 400G QSFP-DD is expected to become the most popular 400G package with its advantages of high density and low power consumption. With the standardization, commercialization and scale development of 400G Ethernet, the 400G product system will be gradually improved in the near future, and more 400G products will appear on the market.
