The number of arrayed waveguides must ensure that all incident diffracted light can be collected, that is, the numerical aperture of the arrayed waveguide is larger than the input and output waveguides Yes, so that the light from the input waveguide can be transmitted to the output waveguide without distortion (or small distortion). Adjacent arrayed waveguides have the same fixed length difference, and are generally designed to be an integer multiple of the physical length corresponding to the center wavelength.
How does AWG works?
Arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is generally composed of N input waveguides, N output waveguides, 2 N*M slab waveguide star couplers and one M waveguide slab arrayed waveguide grating, where M can be equal to N or not N. This grating has a constant path length difference between adjacent waveguides.
The main parameters of AWG
1. Insertion loss IL
The insertion loss of a channel of the AWG filter is defined as the ITU-T corresponding to the optical power loss curve (including the maximum and minimum optical power loss curves) within the specified operating temperature range and the polarization characteristics are considered The maximum loss value within the channel bandwidth, expressed in dB.
AWG filter insertion loss: the maximum value of the insertion loss in each channel of the AWG, expressed in dB.
2. Bandwidth
Bandwidth has -0.5dB, -1dB, -3dB, -20dB bandwidth, etc. The bandwidth of a channel is the intersection of 0.5dB, 1dB, 3dB, 20dB and the optical power loss waveform from the vertex of the minimum optical power loss curve of the channel down The width between. When calculating the bandwidth, it is necessary to consider the polarization characteristics, and take the worst value under various polarization states. The "-X dB" bandwidth is usually called the "X dB" bandwidth.
Advantages of using AWG wavelength division multiplexer
At present, the use of WDM technology to improve the utilization rate of fiber cores and solve the needs of building stations in areas where optical fibers are scarce is the best solution recognized in the industry. But different WDM technologies also respond to different network requirements. CWDM is low in price, small in initial investment, suitable for initial use, but it is difficult to meet the requirements of long-term development and easy maintenance of 5G fronthaul. More superior DWDM equipment such as AWG can effectively play a role in the construction of 5G fronthaul networks, reducing possible redundant construction waste.
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